New Delhi | Jagran Lifestyle Desk: World Cancer Day 2021 is observed on February 4 every year to spread awareness regarding the fatal disease globally. It is a global initiative led by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). As per the WHO (World Health Organisation), one out six deaths happen due to cancer, making this disease the second leading cause of death globally.
This year, the theme of World Cancer Day is 'I am and I will' which means that every action matters to fight cancer. Also, it promotes a positive message among cancer patients to have the courage to battle this fatal disease.
There are many types of cancers. However, out of them, five are mostly commonly found among Indian women. Take a look look at five types of cancer:
BREAST CANCER
This type of cancer is quite common among the women in India and infects one out of every 29 women in the country. This cancer is quite common in urban areas as compared to the rural areas.
Risk Factors:
Although there are not single prominent risk factors, however, these can be listed among the few:
- Family history of breast cancer
- A long period of Oral Contraceptive Pills
Symptoms:
Abnormality like a lump, change in shape or pain occurs then immediately consult a doctor.
Treatment:
Mammography is done that can detect small lesions.
MRI Breast is done for staging the disease.
CERVICAL CANCER
It is the second most common cancer in Indian women accounting for 22.86 per cent of cases. This type of cancer is mostly found among rural women as compared to urban women.
Risk Factors:
Although there are not single prominent risk factors, however, these can be listed among the few.
- Young age intercourse (less than 16 years)
- Multiple Sexual partners
- Cigarette smoking
- Human papillomavirus infection (HPV)
- Immunosuppression
Symptoms:
Symptoms like abnormal bleeding, bleeding after intercourse and vaginal discharge.
Treatment:
· Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA)
· Visual inspection with legal Iodine (VILI)
· HPV-DNA testing
· Magnified VI! Under colposcopy
UTERINE CANCER
Also known as endometrial carcinoma, begins in the uterus in its lining called the endometrium.
Risk Factors:
Although there are not single prominent risk factors, however, these can be listed among the few.
- Estrogen dependent cancer
- Polycystic ovaries
- Early-onset of periods & late menopause (after the age of 50)
- Family history of cancer uterus breast, ovary & colon
- Obesity, Hypertension & Diabetes
Symptoms:
Any irregulatory in the menstrual cycle, contact bleeding, post-menopausal bleeding and unhealthy vaginal discharge.
Treatment:
· Transvaginal sonography (TVS) to know endometrial thickness or irregularity.
· MRI pelvis can be done for more details
OVARIAN CANCER
It accounts for 15 to 20 per cent of genital cancers.
Risk Factors:
Although there are not single prominent risk factors, however, these can be listed among the few.
It doesn't have any risk factors and by the time it is detected this cancer is already in its advance stages.
Symptoms:
Abdominal pain, indigestion, backache can be the symptoms of this cancer
Treatment:
- Blood test like CA125 which is found raised in ovarian cancer.
- CT Scan /MRI to know the spread of cancer
COLORECTAL CANCER
It originates in the colon and then from there, it spreads to the rectum which leads to colorectal cancer. Mostly found in women who are 50-years-old or above.
Risk Factors:
Although there are not single prominent risk factors, however, these can be listed among the few.
- Chronic constipation
- Family history of colorectal cancer
- Smoking
- Fat-rich diet
- Crohn’s disease
- Non-residual diet
Treatment:
- Stool DNA test
- CT Scan
- Frank blood in stools
Posted By: Niharika Sanjeeiv
